Understanding Skin Cancer

Types of Skin Cancer

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC): Comprising about 90% of skin cancer cases in Ireland, NMSC includes basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. These typically appear on sun-exposed areas like the head, neck, and hands.

Melanoma: A less common but more dangerous form, melanoma can develop from existing moles or appear as new pigmented growths. Over 1,000 cases are diagnosed each year in Ireland

Risk Factors

Ireland's population predominantly has fair skin, which burns easily and tans poorly, increasing vulnerability to UV damage.
Other risk factors include:

• History of sunburns, especially during childhood
• Use of sunbeds
  
• Family history of skin cancer
  
• Having numerous or atypical moles
• Outdoor occupations with prolonged sun exposure
  

Early Detection: What to Look For
Early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes. The Irish Cancer Society recommends monthly self-examinations to identify any new or changing skin lesions.

Key signs include:

• New growths or sores that do not heal
• Changes in existing moles, such as asymmetry, irregular borders, multiple colours, diameter over 6mm, or evolving shape and size
• Persistent itching, bleeding, or crusting of a skin lesion

The "ABCDE" rule is a helpful guide for assessing moles:

• Asymmetry: One half doesn't match the other
• Border: Edges are irregular or blurred
• Colour: Varied shades within the same mole
• Diameter: Larger than 6mm
• Evolving: Changes in size, shape, or colour over time
  
  

Taking Action
Regular skin checks and protective measures are vital in combating skin cancer. If you notice any concerning changes in your skin, consult your GP promptly. Early intervention can lead to successful treatment and better outcomes.